|
Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (8 August 1605 – 30 November 1675), was the first Proprietor and Proprietary Governor of the Province of Maryland, and ninth Proprietary Governor of the Colony of Newfoundland and the colony of Avalon (in the southeast). His title was "Cecil Calvert, Second Baron Baltimore, First Lord Proprietary, Earl Palatine of the Provinces of Maryland and Avalon in America". He received the proprietorship after the death of his father, George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, (15 April 1632), for whom it had been intended. Cecil Calvert established and managed the Province of Maryland from his home, Kiplin Hall, in North Yorkshire, England. As an English Roman Catholic, he continued the legacy of his father by promoting religious tolerance in the colony. Maryland became a haven for Catholics in the New World, particularly important at a time of religious persecution in England. Calvert governed Maryland for forty-two years.〔(American History Website ) Retrieved February 2011〕 He also continued to be Lord Proprietor and Governor of Newfoundland for the colony of Avalon. He died in England on 30 November 1675, aged 70 years. He is thought to be buried at St. Giles-in-the-Fields Church, London, UK.〔(St Giles-in-the-Fields Church Website Section: Global Connections ) Retrieved September 2013 〕〔http://thepeerage.com/p2615.htm#c26146.3〕 The exact location of his grave is unknown, but parish records state he is buried there.〔"(Md. memorial to Calvert in England fulfills request made 35 years ago )" ''Baltimore Sun'' 11 May 1996〕 A plaque commemorating Cecil Calvert was placed in St. Giles in 1996 by the Governor of Maryland. However, genealogists for Kiplin Hall state, “A number of the early Calverts were buried at St Giles in the Fields, Charing Cross Rd, London….we cannot yet be certain whether Cecil is one of them.”〔() Note for: Cecil Calvert - 2nd Baron Baltimore, 8 Aug 1605 - 30 Nov 1675 Kiplin Hall Website Retrieved July 2015 〕 This is possibly due to poor record keeping of Catholic burials〔() National Archives UK retrieved July 2015〕 or numerous outbreaks of disease that overwhelmed burial staff and led to confusion in parish registers .〔Harding, Vanessa (1993). "(Burial of the plague dead in early modern London )" (Centre for Metropolitan History Working Papers Series, No. 1, 1993).〕 ==Early life and education== Cecil Calvert was born on 8 August 1605, in Kent, England to George Calvert, the First Lord Baltimore and Anne Mynne (or Mayne).〔 He was the first of several sons of the couple. At the time, his father was under pressure for conformity, and all ten children were baptised as Christians in the Anglican (Protestant) tradition.〔Krugler, John D. (2004). ''( English and Catholic: the Lords Baltimore in the Seventeenth Century )''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.ISBN 0-8018-7963-9, p. 32.〕 Calvert entered Trinity College at the University of Oxford in 1621. His mother Anne Mynne (or Mayne) died the following year.〔 His father George Calvert, First Lord Baltimore converted to Roman Catholicism in 1625, and it is likely that his children followed him; at least his sons did. In 1628 Cecil accompanied his father, along with most of his siblings and his stepmother, to the new colony of Newfoundland. The colony failed due to disease, extreme cold and attacks by the French and the family returned to England. On 8 August 1633, Calvert was admitted to Gray's Inn as a barrister.〔Richardson, Douglas (2005). ''Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families'', p. 169. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company. ISBN 0-8063-1759-0.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|